Electric swing door professional solution | structural principle, classification parameters, selection, installation and maintenance guide

Real picture of the finished product of the electric swing door (panorama of the electric swing door of the factory/shop)

First, the basic definition and application positioning of electric swing doors

Electric swing door is a door product that uses an electric drive device to drive the door leaf to realize automatic flat opening and closing. It belongs to a very important branch of automatic doors, which is different from electric telescopic doors, translation doors, and rolling shutter doors. Relying on the motor, transmission mechanism, and control system, it can automatically sense and remotely open and close without human push and pull. It is divided into two basic forms: one-way flat opening and two-way folio.

Many people confuse electric swing doors with induction swing doors: the swing door slides left and right, while the electric swing door leaf rotates and opens around the hinge shaft, retaining the structural advantages of traditional swing doors that are well sealed and strong against wind pressure, and superimposing automated control functions. It takes into account the convenience of passage, airtight insulation, and anti-theft protection, and is widely used in industrial plants, warehouses, shops, hospital passages, office buildings, villas, fire exits, and other scenarios.

With the intelligent transformation of the factory area and the upgrade of commercial space, the demand for electric swing doors is increasing year by year. The requirements for door opening speed, airtight performance, explosion-proof, thermal insulation, and fire protection linkage vary greatly in different scenarios. The selection of products cannot be generalized. The following systematically explains the professional knowledge of electric swing doors from the dimensions of principle, material, configuration, construction, pit avoidance, etc., which is convenient for engineering procurement and owner selection reference.

Schematic diagram of structural comparison between electric swing door and electric swing door

Second, the core working principle and system composition of the electric swing door

A set of qualified electric swing doors is not a simple splicing of door fans and motors, but a set of linkage automation system. The whole system consists of door fan main body, drive motor, transmission mechanism, control main board, induction identification components, safety protection devices, and power lines.

The drive motor is the power core. At present, the mainstream is the DC brushless motor, which has stable torque, low noise, and soft start and stop. The transmission structure is divided into gear transmission and synchronous belt transmission, which transmits the motor power to the hinge or the door fan push rod to drive the door fan to rotate and open and close. The control system is equivalent to the brain, receiving external signals, judging the opening, closing, and pause commands, adjusting the opening speed and delaying the closing time.

Induction components are the source of trigger signals, common microwave radar induction, infrared induction, card password, remote control, facial recognition; safety devices are the top priority, including infrared safety light curtains, return function in case of obstruction, the closing process detects obstacles and immediately stops and opens the door in reverse to prevent pinching people and damaging goods. The whole system cooperates with each other to achieve automated and safe operation.

Electric swing door internal drive motor, push rod, control main board dismantling details

III. Mainstream classification and application scenarios of electric swing doors

According to the use environment, door leaf structure, and functional attributes, there are multiple categories of electric swing doors, and the parameters and costs of different categories vary significantly.

1. Commercial light-duty electric swing door: aluminum frame tempered glass door leaf, mostly used in office halls, stores, and hospital clinics. It is light to open, has a high appearance, and is mainly used for traffic flow, and has general thermal insulation needs.

2. Industrial thermal insulation electric swing door: color steel sandwich panel door leaf, filled with polyurethane thermal insulation layer, excellent sealing performance, suitable for cold chain workshops, constant temperature warehouses, food processing plants, thermal insulation, reduce heat and cold loss;

3. Steel industrial electric swing door: steel door leaf, thickened reinforcement, strong impact resistance, anti-theft ability, ordinary plant, equipment room, fire escape use;

4. Explosion-proof electric swing door: all motors and electronic controls are treated with explosion-proof treatment, meeting explosion-proof standards, and are dedicated to chemical, paint workshops, and flammable and explosive storage areas;

5. Fire-fighting linkage electric swing door: It can be connected to the fire alarm host, automatically unlock and open the door after receiving the fire alarm signal, and meet the fire evacuation specifications.

In addition, it can also be divided into single-open electric swing-open doors and double-open electric swing-open doors according to the opening direction; it can be divided into 90-open and 180-open styles according to the opening angle.

Glass model, thermal insulation industrial model, steel explosion-proof electric swing door multi-style comparison chart

Four, electric swing door leaf material, filling and sealing parameters

The material of the door leaf directly determines the thermal insulation, impact resistance, rust prevention, and service life, and is also a key indicator to check when purchasing.

Aluminum alloy glass model: frame 6063-T5 aluminum alloy, with tempered glass, optional hollow tempered glass, light transmission and transparency, light weight, suitable for commercial channels with large traffic;

Color steel insulation door leaf: double-sided color steel plate, middle polyurethane foam filling, conventional filling thickness 50mm, 75mm, 100mm, density ≥40kg/m ³, low thermal conductivity, excellent thermal insulation performance, cold storage, constant temperature workshop preferred;

Cold-rolled steel door leaf: 1.0-2.0mm thickened steel plate, with square pipe reinforcement inside, strong and impact-resistant structure, high anti-theft grade, commonly used in ordinary warehouses and computer rooms; stainless steel door leaf (304/316), rust-resistant and corrosion-resistant, used in humid workshops, sewage stations, and coastal factories.

Sealing system: High-quality electric swing door is equipped with EPDM rubber sealing strips around, the door frame is lap-sealed, and the bottom can be automatically lifted and swept. After the door leaf is closed, the bottom sealing strip falls to seal the ground gap, preventing wind, dust, insects, and reducing heat and cold loss. The thermal insulation door will also adopt a double-channel sealing design to further reduce energy consumption.

Close-up of polyurethane filled section and bottom automatic sweeping strip of thermal insulation door leaf

V. Comparison of professional parameters of drive motor and electronic control system

The motor is the core component of the electric swing door, and it is also the main reduction position for low-cost products. Priority is given to AC brushed motors and DC brushless motors.

AC brushed motors: low cost, high torque, but high running noise, easy wear and tear of carbon brushes, frequent maintenance in the later stage, and now only used for low-end heavy-duty doors;

DC brushless motor: the mainstream of the industry is preferred, the operation is silent, the start and stop are smooth, the energy consumption is low, the life is long, the speed regulation is supported, and the rebound response is sensitive in case of resistance. Conventional single-fan load-bearing specifications: 80kg, 120kg, 180kg, 250kg, 400kg, the purchase must be selected according to the self-weight of the door leaf. Small motors with heavy-duty door fans can easily burn the motor and damage the transmission accessories.

The functions of the control main board include: delay closing adjustment (adjustable from 1 to 30 seconds), opening angle limit, speed segmentation adjustment, and rebound force adjustment in case of resistance; the expansion interface supports fire signal, access control card swiping, facial recognition, and access control networking. The power supply is divided into 220V mains version. Some explosion-proof and low-voltage scenarios use DC24V power supply. DC24V has higher security, and there is no risk of electric shock when touched by personnel.

Brushless drive motor, external control box, remote control receiver real picture

Six, induction and safety equipment selection points

Only the pursuit of automatic door opening, ignoring safety accessories, it is easy to clip accidents, engineering acceptance of safety devices have hard requirements.

Microwave radar sensor: detects moving objects, people or vehicles close to the automatic door, suitable for traffic and people flow channels; the disadvantage is that it will automatically close the door when standing still;

Infrared induction light curtain: installed on both sides of the closed area of the door leaf, the light curtain is blocked, the door leaf stops closing and opens, anti-pinch core accessories, industrial doors, and channels with large traffic are recommended as standard;

Access control identification components: swipe card, password, fingerprint, facial recognition, permission access, suitable for office buildings, computer rooms, areas that need to be controlled and entered;

Backup power supply (UPS battery): In the state of power failure, it can continue to open and close 2-10 times. It is strongly recommended to select fire exits and important factories;

Magnetic lock, electric lock: used for electric swing doors that need to be locked and controlled. It automatically locks after closing the door to prevent external force from pushing it open.

Fire-fighting electric swing doors must have a passive dry contact fire linkage interface, fire alarm signal input from the main engine, and automatically unlock the door to ensure the smooth flow of the evacuation channel.

Radar induction probe, infrared safety light curtain, UPS backup power supply installation real scene

Standardized installation and construction process of electric swing doors

Electric swing doors are mechatronics products, with three products and seven installations. The installation accuracy directly affects the running smoothness and failure rate.

The first step is on-site investigation: review the size of the door opening and the wall structure (brick/steel structure), confirm whether the wall can bear the door leaf and motor bracket, and confirm the location of the power supply line and fire protection line.

The second step is to fix the frame: the door frame is in place, the horizontal and vertical are corrected, the error is controlled within 2mm, the expansion bolt is reinforced, and the gap is filled;

The third step is to install the door leaf and drive mechanism: fix the motor bracket, push-pull rod/ground shaft hinge, adjust the concentricity of the rotating shaft, the concentricity deviation is large, the running card and the noise are large;

The fourth step of wiring: strong and weak current separation wiring, control line shielding treatment, waterproof, outdoor use of electronic control box for rain protection;

The fifth step parameter debugging: set the door opening angle, switching speed, delayed closing force, rebound sensitivity in case of resistance, and repeatedly test the anti-clip, remote control, induction, and fire linkage functions;

The sixth step of acceptance and cleaning: continuous opening and closing tests, inspection of sealing, abnormal noise, shaking, and delivery of operating instructions.

Key points of outdoor installation: motor, control box, rainproof, waterproof treatment of line joints to avoid short circuits caused by rainwater infiltration.

Site installation leveling, drive bracket fixing, line layout construction map

Eight, different scenarios selection plan reference

1. Store, shop, office building passageway: aluminum alloy glass electric swing door, radar induction + infrared light curtain, beautiful and transparent, high traffic efficiency;

2. Food workshop, constant temperature warehouse, cold storage: polyurethane color steel thermal insulation electric swing door, double seal + automatic sweeping strip at the bottom, thermal insulation and noise reduction;

3. Ordinary steel structure workshop, equipment room: thickened steel electric swing door, high load-bearing, impact-resistant, with remote control card swiping;

4. Chemical and oil workshops: explosion-proof electric swing doors, a complete set of motor electronic control explosion-proof certification, and ordinary motors are prohibited from being replaced;

5. Fire evacuation channel: fire linkage electric swing door, connected to the fire engine, to meet the fire acceptance specifications;

6. Villa entrance door: light aluminum alloy electric swing door, fingerprint facial recognition + remote control, taking into account the beauty of home improvement and intelligent passage.

Floor renderings of different scenes of factories, shops and cold storage

Nine, electric swing door procurement pit avoidance guide

First, the motor load-bearing virtual standard: the merchant marked that the load-bearing is too large, the actual door leaf is overweight, frequent failure in short-term use, burning the motor, and the door leaf's own weight is reserved for a 20% margin when purchasing;

Second, cancel the safety light curtain and only rely on the rebound: if the rebound is not well debugged, there is still a risk of pinch injury. It is not recommended to omit the light curtain in public channels and factory channels;

Third, the thermal insulation door steals the filling thickness and low-density foaming, and the thermal insulation effect is greatly reduced;

Fourth, there is no fire interface to pretend to be a fire linkage door, and the fire acceptance cannot be passed;

Fifth, simplify the sealing, do not install the bottom sweeping strip, the workshop dust, air conditioning continued to lose;

Sixth, without a backup power supply, the door cannot be opened after a power outage, and there is a huge hidden danger in the emergency passage.

Signing the contract must state: door leaf material thickness, filling specifications, motor type, single fan load-bearing, safety accessories list, whether to support fire linkage, quality assurance years.

Ten, electric swing door daily maintenance and troubleshooting

Regular maintenance can significantly reduce the failure rate and extend the service life of the entire system.

Daily cleaning: clean the dust and debris at the track and hinge of the door leaf to avoid foreign objects getting stuck;

Half a year maintenance: check whether the fixing screws are loose, add special grease to the transmission position, and do not use oil;

Electrical inspection: check whether the outer skin of the line is damaged, the ventilation and waterproofing of the electric control box, and test whether the resistance rebound and induction function are normal;

Common simple faults: if the induction is not sensitive, give priority to checking whether the induction head is blocked; close the door and clip people, adjust the rebound strength; if the door leaf makes abnormal noise, check the concentricity of the bracket and the loosening of the screw; if the power failure cannot be turned on, choose UPS power supply or manual release device.

Note: Do not disassemble the drive main board by yourself for electrical faults. It is recommended to contact the manufacturer's professionals for maintenance.

Full text summary

Electric swing doors are automated products that integrate mechanical structure, drive motor, intelligent control, and safety protection. They are different from ordinary manual swing doors and automatic sliding doors. They rely on the structural advantages of rotary opening, taking into account multiple properties such as closed insulation, wind pressure resistance, anti-theft, and fire linkage. They are suitable for commercial, industrial, warehousing, fire protection, and other diverse scenarios.

The core logic of the selection is to determine the material and thermal insulation grade of the door leaf according to the use environment, match the corresponding load-bearing DC brushless drive system according to the weight of the door leaf, and match the safety components such as infrared light curtain, backup power supply, fire linkage, etc., and then cooperate with standardized installation and debugging. Procurement cannot only compare unit prices, but also focus on verifying motor parameters, sealing structures, safety accessories, and related industry certifications.

No matter whether it is a plant upgrade, a new store, or a cold storage constant temperature project, as long as the right configuration, standardized construction, and regular maintenance are selected, the electric swing door can operate stably for many years, improve the efficiency of channel traffic, and meet the needs of intelligent, safe, and energy-saving use.