Shanghai sun room customization full analysis | compliance control, climate adaptation, material selection and waterproofing, construction acceptance professional guide

[Shanghai townhouse courtyard herringbone top system sun room completed real scene, with electric skylight, the facade is coordinated and simple]

In Shanghai, sun rooms have always been a popular custom project for owners of villas, patios on the first floor and terraces on the top floor. Many owners want to create a glass space for growing flowers, drinking tea, leisure and drying, but Shanghai's special urban control policies and subtropical monsoon climate make Shanghai sun rooms have very different design standards from other cities. Shanghai's continuous rainy season, high temperature exposure in summer, frequent typhoons in summer and autumn, cold and humid in winter, coupled with strict demolition and illegal control of patios, terraces and roofs, many owners decorate and step on pits: invest tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands to complete the construction, but receive rectification notices; or only focus on the appearance, ignore the wind pressure resistance, waterproof and heat insulation, and after installation, water seepage in rainy days, sultry in summer, and glass condensation dripping mildew.

The sun room is not a simple splicing of aluminum alloy frame and glass, but a set of systematic lighting roof projects that adapt to Shanghai's local climate, building codes, drainage and heat insulation. This article focuses on Shanghai sun room compliance boundaries, climate pain points, top surface modeling, profile glass selection, waterproof drainage, ventilation and shading, construction acceptance, selection and avoidance of pits, etc., taking into account industry professionalism and readability of ordinary owners, suitable for Shanghai villa owners, decoration designers, door and window procurement, local service providers to read.

[Shanghai sun room compliance distinction diagram, distinguish the original balcony inner seal, the new fixed sun room in the patio, and the removable mobile sun shed]

First, Shanghai sun room compliance red line, the first confirmation before the start of construction

According to the "Urban and Rural Planning Law", "Shanghai Urban and Rural Planning Regulations" and "Shanghai Residential Property Management Regulations", it is illegal to build a new closed fixed sun room on the patio, terrace and roof roof without obtaining a construction project planning license. The roof roof belongs to the common area of all the owners of the community, and individuals have no right to build it without permission; the first floor of the closed patio and terrace adds a new fixed sun room, which is difficult for most ordinary communities to obtain approval. Once inspected or complained by neighbors, a demolition notice will be issued. If it is not demolished within the time limit, it can be forced to demolish, and it will be accompanied by fines, and even affect housing transactions and mortgage loans.

Many owners are prone to confuse the balcony inner seal with the sun room: the balcony on the original drawings does not expand outward, does not change the facade, does not change the shape of the building, and is closed inward. It belongs to the balcony window seal, and the control is loose. You can report to the property in advance. The outward expansion, closed patio, and new independent glass roof structures are strictly controlled.

The current safe plan in Shanghai is divided into three categories: the original balcony is sealed inside and does not expand outside; the mobile sun shed with modular removable and no permanent fixed base is selected, which is not a permanent structure and has a lower risk; if the villa courtyard wants to fix the sun room, it must contact the property, street and planning departments in advance, submit a full set of drawings for approval, and obtain permission for re-construction. Many merchants promise verbally to "not be investigated" in order to accept orders. There is no guarantee for such promises. The investigation and punishment efforts of various streets, old communities, and buildings along the street in Shanghai vary greatly. Be sure to verify by yourself before starting construction, and you cannot just listen to the words of the merchants.

[Four climate difficulties in Shanghai Sunroom: Meiyu rainfall, high temperature in summer, typhoon wind pressure, winter condensation]

Second, the special technical requirements of Shanghai climate for sun rooms

Shanghai has four distinct seasons, which brings four major technical problems to the sun room and is also the core difference from the inland city sun room.

The first is the rainy season with high humidity and rainy weather. It rains continuously from June to July every year, and the air humidity remains high for a long time. Relying solely on glued and sealed sun rooms, the glue layer quickly ages and fails, and it is easy to seep water. At the same time, the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the glass is large, and a large amount of condensation and condensation on the inside, water droplets drip, causing mildew on the walls and furniture. The second is high temperature exposure in summer. The extreme temperature in midsummer exceeds 40 ° C. After the ordinary glass sun room is sealed, the internal temperature can reach more than 55 ° C, which becomes a steamer. The ultraviolet rays are strong, and the green plants The third is the impact of typhoons. Every year from July to September, the periphery of typhoons affects Shanghai. The instantaneous wind pressure in Pudong, Jinshan, Fengxian and other riverside areas is higher. If the wind pressure resistance of the frame, fixed nodes and glass is insufficient, there will be shaking and derailment, and there are potential safety hazards. The fourth is that the winter is cold and humid, and the temperature difference between day and night is large, which further aggravates the problem of condensation. The humid environment will accelerate the aging of aluminum spraying, sealing strips and weathering adhesives.

Therefore, a set of qualified localized sun rooms in Shanghai cannot be directly applied to the general drawings of other places. Instead, it is necessary to upgrade the wind pressure resistance grade, drainage slope, condensate collection structure, and heat insulation configuration, and choose sealing materials that are resistant to moisture and heat and ultraviolet rays.

[Shape comparison chart | Herringbone top, diamond top, single inclined top, flat top sun room renderings are compared side by side, and the adaptation scene is marked]

Third, the mainstream top surface shape selection of Shanghai sun room, choose on demand

Shanghai owners commonly use the sun roof is divided into herringbone roof, diamond roof, single inclined roof, flat roof four categories, drainage capacity, wind resistance, construction difficulty is significantly different.

The herringbone top is the most popular style for villas in Shanghai. It has a two-way slope, sufficient drainage slope, and rainwater flows quickly to the gutters on both sides. It is not easy to accumulate water. The wind pressure is uniform, and the structure is stable. It is suitable for large holes in the courtyard and sun rooms in independent villas. The disadvantage is that the amount of profiles is large and the cost is high.

The diamond top has a strong three-dimensional feel and outstanding appearance. It is mostly used in garden leisure spaces, but there are many corner nodes, many splicing joints, and complex waterproof nodes. It requires extremely high processing accuracy and gluing process. The leakage risk in the rainy season is higher than that of the herringbone top. It is suitable for customers with sufficient budgets and choosing a regular system sun room factory. Small workshops are not recommended to make diamond tops.

The single inclined roof has a simple structure and one-way drainage. It is suitable for sun rooms that are close to the outer wall. It is cost-effective. Focus on floodwater and waterproofing at the junction of the wall. This point is a high-incidence area of water leakage.

Flat roof vision is simple, but it is difficult to do a large slope, slope less than 5% easy to water, water long-term soaking sealant, accelerated aging leakage. If you choose flat roof in Shanghai, you must ensure that more than 5% of the structure to find the slope, widen and deepen the gutter, install fallen leaves filter, generally more recommended Decawatt insulation roof, not recommended pure glass flat roof.

Selection suggestions: Shanghai is rainy and typhoon, priority is given to herringbone top and single inclined top; choose diamond top for appearance and strictly control the construction process; ordinary owners try to avoid pure glass flat top.

[Profile cross-section view | Sunshine room main beam, column cross-section marked drawing, marked profile wall thickness, PA66 heat insulation strip, cavity reinforcement ribs]

Fourth, Shanghai sun room sun room frame profiles: structural standards suitable for Shanghai typhoon conditions

The mainstream frame of Shanghai sun room is made of 6063-T5 original broken bridge aluminum alloy. The main beam of the sun room belongs to the load-bearing force-bearing component, and the wall thickness standard is higher than that of ordinary door and window profiles. Conventional small-span sun room, the wall thickness of the main beam is not less than 2.0mm; the span exceeds 3 meters, the windward side, and the riverside area. It is recommended to use 2.5mm thickened belt reinforcing rib profiles to improve the wind pressure resistance and resist the instantaneous wind of typhoons. Low-priced non-standard products often use 1.4mm or even thinner recycled aluminum, and no problem can be seen in a short time. In windy weather, the frame swings, the position of screws and welds deforms and cracks, and the waterproofing fails synchronously.

The thermal insulation strip must be made of national standard PA66 glass fiber reinforced nylon thermal insulation strip, with laser coding logo, to cut off the hot and cold bridge, reduce heat conduction in summer and reduce condensation in winter; PVC plastic thermal insulation strip is inexpensive, softens and deforms after summer exposure, and the gap deforms and leaks, which is not suitable for Shanghai outdoor environment.

Surface treatment priority fluorocarbon spraying, UV resistance, salt spray rain initialized, outdoor service life of up to 20 years; ordinary powder spraying cost-effective, suitable for away from the sea, non-windward position; wood grain transfer style is beautiful, but Shanghai UV strong, outdoor long-term use is easy to fade, mostly for indoor side. At the same time, different metal contact position to add isolation gasket, to avoid electrochemical corrosion, Shanghai air humidity, metal rust rate is much faster than dry areas.

[Comparison chart of glass samples | Laminated tempered, Low-E hollow laminated, warm edge spacer samples, marked parameters]

Five, Shanghai sun room sun room glass configuration, safety, heat insulation, anti-condensation core plan

The top glass of the sun room belongs to the high glass, and the standard hard requirement is to use laminated tempered safety glass on the top surface. Even if the glass is damaged by external force, the PVB film adheres to the fragments, and the whole piece will not fall and hurt people. The safety in the scene of typhoon and high-altitude falling objects is much higher than that of ordinary hollow tempered glass. This is the bottom line of safety.

The mainstream upgrade plan in Shanghai is Low-E hollow laminated glass, with 4SG warm edge spacer. Low-E low-emissivity layer can reflect infrared heat radiation, greatly reduce the solar heat entering the room in summer, and lock the indoor heat in winter. It is the core configuration to solve the stuffy heat of the sun room. Warm edge strips replace traditional aluminum spacers, reduce the glass edge cold bridge, and significantly reduce the condensation at the bottom of the glass, which is very suitable for Shanghai's high-humidity environment. Low-E hollow tempered glass can be used for facade side windows, taking into account lighting, sound insulation and heat insulation; Changhong and frosted glass can be used for privacy in the patio sun room on the first floor.

Many owners only use ordinary hollow tempered glass for the cheap top surface. Once it bursts, the whole piece of glass falls, which poses a serious safety hazard. Regular manufacturers will check the load according to the wind pressure of the project location and the span of the hole. The thickness and specifications of the glass in the port and seaside areas should be upgraded simultaneously.

[Waterproof gutter node map | Gutter, floodboard, secondary drainage, deciduous leaf filter profile marking]

Shanghai sun room drainage and waterproofing system, the core structure of anti-leakage in the rainy season

90% of the Shanghai sun room leaks, the root cause is not glue aging, but drainage design defects and unreasonable node structure. The small workshop sun room only relies on the surface layer of glue sealing, which belongs to the "water plugging idea". In the continuous rainstorm environment in Shanghai, the sealant will inevitably age and crack in 5-8 years, and water seepage is a matter of time; the professional system sun room adopts the plan of dredging priority and multi-channel waterproofing.

The roof slope is ≥5%. The rainwater relies on gravity to flow into the integrated forming and widening aluminum alloy gutter. There is a built-in secondary drainage structure. A small amount of rainwater that penetrates into the gap enters the internal water collection tank and is discharged independently, and will not drip into the room. A removable filter screen is installed at the gutter outlet. There are many street trees in Shanghai, and the fallen leaves can easily block the downpipe. After the water is blocked in the rainy season, the rainwater will flood and pour back into the room. The filter screen can be disassembled and cleaned regularly.

The floodwater node where the sun room and the original wall are connected is the highest leakage point. It is necessary to remove the hollow aging plastering layer of the outer wall and add a waterproof additional layer. The floodboard should be flanged up not less than 150mm, and it should be double sealed with water stop tape + weathering glue, instead of directly playing a circle of glue on the wall. The sealant is made of first-line brand neutral silicone weathering structural glue, with EPDM EPDM continuous sealing tape. The sealing life of the rubber strip is longer than that of the sealant, which is suitable for Shanghai's perennial dry and wet alternation, high and low temperature changes.

In addition, a condensate water guide tank is set up separately to collect the condensate water precipitated from the glass in winter and rainy season, and drain it into the gutter to avoid moldy walls and floors caused by water droplets. Here is a common sense to correct: the sun room is open to allow a small amount of rain, and the national standard only requires the closed state to have complete watertight performance.

[Ventilation and shading renderings | Real scene of electric translational sunroof, external sunshade canopy, inner opening and inner inverted side window]

Seven, Shanghai sun room ventilation and shading solutions to solve the high temperature and muggy summer sun room

The heat of the glass-roofed sun room mainly comes from direct solar radiation, and the cooling effect of simply relying on window ventilation is limited. Shanghai sun rooms generally use a combination of ventilation + external shading + thermal insulation glass.

Ventilation priority configuration top electric translation sunroof, hot air floating on the top surface, open the sunroof to form hot pressure ventilation, quickly discharge the top hot air; side with inner opening and inner inverted window, slightly open ventilation in rainy days, rainwater is not easy to splash into the room. The sunroof is recommended to be equipped with rain sensing function. The weather in Shanghai is changeable, and the sudden heavy rain can automatically close the sunroof.

Shading is divided into external shading and internal shading. Outdoor electric canopy and external louver shading are recommended first. Shading materials are arranged on the outside of the glass, and heat is blocked before entering the glass. The cooling effect is far better than that of indoor shades. Honeycomb curtains and organ curtains are suitable for internal shading with limited budgets and the renovation of old sun rooms. They can only block heat that has entered the room, and the cooling effect is weak.

JGW thermal insulation roof is a popular local solution in Shanghai. Aluminum alloy substrate + waterproof membrane + JGW has strong thermal insulation ability. The indoor temperature is much lower than that of a glass sun room. The disadvantage is that the lighting is reduced, which is suitable for spaces such as tea rooms and storage that do not pursue large-area lighting. Relying only on air conditioners and fans to cool down is a palliative treatment rather than a cure for the root cause. There is no sunshade and thermal insulation structure, and the air conditioner load is huge and the electricity cost is high.

[Construction map | site survey, embedded parts reinforcement, frame correction, water test site real shot]

Eight, Shanghai sun room standardization construction process and acceptance points

The design plan is in place, and the extensive construction will still leak and deform. Compared with ordinary doors and windows, the construction of Shanghai sun room has higher requirements for grassroots and waterproof nodes.

In the early stage of door-to-door survey, first review the floor load-bearing capacity, the old house, the old community on the first floor of the patio, many of the original floor bearing capacity is insufficient, need to strengthen the structure in advance, and confirm the compliance and drainage access scheme again; after the grassroots cleaning, the load-bearing point Embedded galvanized steel plate embedded parts, it is forbidden to directly hit the expansion screw on the insulation layer, it is easy to pull off under typhoon conditions.

The frame is hoisted and assembled, the horizontal and vertical are corrected, the diagonal error is controlled, the bolts are tightened, and the dissimilar metal position is added with anti-corrosion gaskets; then the gutter, floodwater and waterproof nodes are constructed, the water stop belt is laid, the filter screen and downspout pipe are installed, and the drain pipe is connected to the original rain pipe network of the building, and the ground cannot be arranged directly at will. Then install glass, skylights, and hardware, and reserve profiles and glass thermal expansion and contraction expansion joints to avoid temperature difference changes and cracking rubber joints; use flame retardant and waterproof lines for electric equipment lines to do a good job of moisture-proof protection. After completion, do continuous water drenching and water closing tests to simulate rainstorm conditions, check water seepage at all nodes, and debug sunroof and sunshade opening and closing.

Owner acceptance key check: top surface laminated tempered glass logo, profile wall thickness, gutter drainage smooth, water leakage no leakage, sunroof rain feeling linkage normal, frame no shaking, sealant continuous smooth. At the same time retain profiles, glass test reports, structural glue quality assurance card and other information.

[Maintenance schematic diagram | Cleaning gutter fallen leaves, checking glue seams, testing electric sunroof indication]

Nine, Shanghai sun room maintenance and purchase pit avoidance guide

Shanghai is humid and rainy. The sun room is an outdoor component and needs regular maintenance. Before the rainy season comes in May every year, it is the best maintenance node. Clean the gutter and the fallen leaves and silt in the filter screen to prevent clogging and stagnant water; Check the weather-resistant glue, and remove and hit it in time if it cracks and pulverizes; Replace the EPDM rubber strip when it is hard, shrinks and falls off in time. Check the fixing screws and sunroof locking mechanism before the typhoon season; Test the electric sunroof and sunshade motor once a year to check the moisture-proof condition of the line. Use a neutral cleaner for glass cleaning, and prohibit strong acids and alkalis from corroding sealants and aluminum.

Avoid the common routines of local merchants when purchasing: keep your mouth shut about compliance, promise not to dismantle the package; steal and reduce the structural configuration, no laminated glass is used on the top surface, and the wall thickness of the profile is shrunk; only do single-layer gluing, no secondary drainage structure; confuse the inner and outer shading, deliver the indoor curtain at a low price, and promote strong heat insulation; the quality assurance clause is vague, and the maintenance cost of later accessories is high. Before placing the order, the contract states the wall thickness of the main beam, the specifications of the top laminated glass, the material of the insulation strip, the drainage structure, and the quality assurance period.

Purchase priority: first confirm the feasibility of compliance; then determine the wind pressure resistance and profile configuration according to whether it is riverside and windward; choose glass top or JCDecaux thermal insulation top; with sunroof, external shading, priority is given to Shanghai local landing site, support water acceptance, long-term after-sales maintenance manufacturers.

[Panoramic completed picture | Sunshine room of patio herringbone top system on the first floor of Shanghai, with high-transparency screen windows, clean and transparent]

conclusion

Shanghai sun room is a systematized customized product that takes into account urban control policies, rainy and typhoon climate in the south of the Yangtze River, and structural safety. It cannot be simply regarded as a glass room. Many owners only value the appearance and price, and finally step on multiple large pits of compliance, water leakage, high temperature, and safety. A set of sun rooms suitable for local Shanghai should first hold the compliance red line; the structure matches the typhoon wind pressure, and chooses thickened broken bridge girder and top laminated safety glass; waterproof abandons simple gluing and plugging water, and adopts slope-finding gutter, secondary drainage, and flooding to add waterproofing; thermal insulation and ventilation rely on Low-E glass, top electric sunroof, and external shading combination, taking into account lighting, comfort, and durability.

Whether it is a new sun room in a villa, a leaking heat insulation renovation of an old sun room, or a balcony interior seal, it cannot simply compare prices. Only by understanding the compliance rules, drainage nodes, profile glass parameters, and shading and ventilation plans of Shanghai sun rooms can we create a leisure space that is not leaking, not sultry in summer, safe and durable, and avoids rectification risks. In the cloudy and changeable Jiangnan climate, enjoy the comfortable experience brought by the sun room.